The IELTS Vocabulary Words covers 20 most common IELTS topics.
This Vocabulary is suitable for all sections of the IELTS Cambridge exam, including Speaking, Writing, Reading, and Listening test preparation. We have added useful exercises in the PDF book to help you easily learn and familiarize with over 1000 vocabulary words.
If you are preparing for the IELTS test in 2024 and you want to learn and practise all the vocabulary you need to be confident in the test, then Cambridge Vocabulary for IELTS covers the vocabulary that occurs in the test and provides the following:
- Noun List of words
- Verb List of words
- Adjective List of words
- Verb Phrases
- Idioms for IELTS
- Phrases with time
- Adverb List of words
- Phrases with life or living
- Compound nouns
- Useful tips and strategies on how to approach exam tasks
- Techniques for learning and remembering vocabulary
- A full word list for easy reference vocabulary
What does the Vocabulary aim to do?
It aims to extend and improve the accuracy of your vocabulary and help you prepare for the IELTS test.
Who is it aimed at?
This is designed for students working alone who want to revise and extend their vocabulary. But it also be used as part of an IELTS preparation course in the classroom, or set as homework by a teacher. It is also suitable for advanced students, or those studying English for academic purposes.
How do i learn and revise vocabulary?
Some of the vocabulary will be new to you and some will be words you are familiar with, but cannot yet use accurately. Even if you feel you know a word, you may be making collection mistakes and using the incorrect preposition or verb, for example. You might like to use a notebook and organise your vocabulary under the following categories:
- New words to learn
- Words I need to use more
- Words i often make mistakes with
- Topic words (e.g. The Environment; Fuel; Energy; Work etc)
Alternatively, you could simply highlight these words using a different colour highlighter for each category: for example, a blue highlighter for topic words, a red highlighter for words you often make mistakes with, and so on.
If you find the following vocabulary words for IELTS helpful, please consider sharing them with your friends.
Growing Up
| No. | Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Adolescence | Transition to adult stage |
| 2 | Adulthood | Transition to mature responsibilities |
| 3 | Bond | Connection, link, tie, relationship |
| 4 | Brotherhood | Unity, solidarity, camaraderie, fraternity |
| 5 | Character | Traits defining a person |
| 6 | Childhood | Early years of life |
| 7 | Connection | Linking, Relating, Associating, Joining |
| 8 | Fatherhood | Paternal responsibility and care |
| 9 | Friendship | Connection, Trust, Support, Companionship |
| 10 | Instinct | Natural, innate, automatic behavior |
| 11 | Interaction | Communication between two entities |
| 12 | Parent | Guardian, caregiver, progenitor |
| 13 | Relative | Related by family |
| 14 | Sibling | Brother or sister relationship |
| 15 | Teenager | Adolescent, Youth, Teen, Youngster |
| 16 | Ties | Connection through bonding |
| 17 | Upbringing | Childhood upbringing and development |
| . | Compound nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 18 | Active role | Engagement in significant participation |
| 19 | Extended family | Relatives beyond immediate |
| 20 | Family gathering | Relatives coming together joyfully |
| 21 | Immediate family | Closest blood relatives |
| 22 | Maternal instinct | Motherly nurturing instinct |
| 23 | Sibling rivalry | Competitive tension among siblings |
| 24 | Stable upbringing | Consistent, nurturing family environment |
| 25 | Striking resemblance | Close similarity in appearance |
| . | Adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 26 | Close | Near; Shut; Intimate; Conclude |
| 27 | Close-knit | Strongly bonded together |
| 28 | Maternal | Relating to motherhood |
| 29 | Parental | Relating to parents’ role |
| 30 | Rewarding | Satisfying, fulfilling, worthwhile experience |
| 31 | Stable | Secure, firm, unchanging condition |
| . | verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 32 | Accommodate | Provide lodging or space |
| 33 | Adopt | Accept, embrace, take on |
| 34 | Break down | Separate into parts |
| 35 | Develop | Evolve, progress, cultivate, advance |
| 36 | Endure | Persist through difficult times |
| 37 | Establish | Set up or create |
| 38 | Have sth in common | Share a common trait |
| 39 | Inherit | Receive property or traits |
| 40 | Interact | Engage with one another |
| 41 | Nurture | Care for growth development |
| 42 | Relate (to) | Connect or associate with |
MENTAL AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
| . | Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 43 | Ability | Capacity for skill |
| 44 | Adolescent | Teenager going through puberty |
| 45 | Behavior | Actions reflecting personal conduct |
| 46 | Childhood | Early life, formative years |
| 47 | Concept | Abstract idea or notion |
| 48 | Consequence | Result of an action |
| 49 | Gesture | Body language communication signal |
| 50 | Growth | Development or increase in size, quantity, or extent |
| 51 | Height | Elevation or vertical distance |
| 52 | Imagination | Creative mental picture-making |
| 53 | Infancy | Early stage of development |
| 54 | Infant | Baby, very young child |
| 55 | Knowledge | Understanding, awareness, information, comprehension |
| 56 | Maturity | Growth into adult behavior |
| 57 | Memory | Recall of past experiences |
| 58 | Milestone | Significant achievement or event |
| 59 | Mind | Faculty of cognitive awareness |
| 60 | Peers | Colleagues, equals, associates, comrades |
| 61 | Period | Interval of time duration |
| 62 | Phase | Stage or period transition |
| 63 | Rate | Assess, evaluate, assign value |
| 64 | Reminder | Memory aid prompt |
| 65 | Social skills | Interpersonal abilities or communication skills |
| 66 | Skills | Abilities, competencies, aptitudes, talents |
| 67 | Stage | Performance area or platform |
| 68 | Soddler | Young child learning to walk |
| 69 | Transition | Change from one state |
| . | Adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 70 | Abstract | Summary: Conceptual, non-concrete |
| 71 | Cognitive | Related to mental processes |
| 72 | Clumsy | Awkward, ungainly, inelegant, graceless |
| 73 | Fond | Affectionate, liking, adoring, attached |
| 74 | Fully-grown | Adult, mature, developed, grown-up |
| 75 | Immature | Not fully developed yet |
| 76 | Independent | Self-reliant, autonomous, self-sufficient |
| 77 | Irresponsible | Lacking accountability or care |
| 78 | Mature | Adult, grown, developed, ripe |
| 79 | Patient | Enduring, tolerant, awaiting treatment |
| 80 | Rebellious | Defiant, disobedient, insurgent, nonconformist |
| 81 | Significant | Important, noteworthy, impactful, considerable |
| 82 | Tolerant | Accepting individual differences |
| . | adverb | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 83 | Typically | Usually, commonly, ordinarily |
| . | Phrases with mind | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 84 | Bear in mind | Remember, keep in mind |
| 85 | Broaden the mind | Expand mental horizons |
| 86 | Have something in mind | Intend or plan |
| 87 | Have something on your mind | Thinking about something |
| 88 | It slipped my mind | Forgot momentarily |
| 89 | Keep an open mind | Be receptive, stay flexible |
| 90 | My mind went blank | Temporary mental lapse |
| 91 | Put your mind at ease | Relax, calm down |
KEEPING FIT
| . | Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 91 | Allergy | Immune reaction to allergen |
| 92 | Anxiety | Nervousness or worry |
| 93 | Appetite | Desire for food |
| 94 | Artery | Blood vessel carrying oxygen |
| 95 | Asset | Valuable possession or resource |
| 96 | Benefit | Advantage, gain, positive outcome |
| 97 | Cravings | Intense desires for something |
| 98 | Depression | Persistent low mood disorder |
| 99 | Diagnosis | Medical condition identification |
| 100 | Diet | Eating habits and nutrition |
| 101 | Dietician | Nutrition expert or Food specialist |
| 102 | Disease | Illness or sickness |
| 103 | (eating) Disorder | Disturbed eating pattern |
| 104 | Exercise | Physical activity for health |
| 105 | Factor | Influence, element, determinant, component |
| 106 | Fast food | Quick meal service |
| 107 | Fat | Excess body weight |
| 108 | Harm | Injury or damage |
| 109 | Health | Well-being, wellness, vitality, fitness |
| 110 | Heart attack | Cardiac event, severe chest pain |
| 111 | Infection | Disease-causing microorganism spread |
| 112 | Ingredients | Components of a mixture |
| 113 | Insomnia | Difficulty sleeping at night |
| 114 | Intake | Consumption of food/liquid |
| 115 | Junk food | Unhealthy processed food |
| 116 | Muscle | Tissue for movement |
| 117 | Nutrient | Essential dietary substance |
| 118 | Nutrition | Dietary intake and health |
| 119 | Obesity | Excessive body fat |
| 120 | Onset | Beginning, Start, Initiation, Commencement |
| 121 | Portion | Amount, share, segment, fraction |
| 122 | Risk | Possibility of loss |
| 123 | Serving | Providing assistance or help |
| 124 | Stress | Pressure, tension, anxiety, strain |
| 125 | Stroke | Brain blood vessel blockage |
| 126 | Treatment | Medical care or therapy |
| 127 | Therapy | Psychological healing process |
| 128 | Variety | Diverse range of options |
| 129 | weight | Measure of mass |
| . | ADJECTIVE | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 130 | Acute | Severe or sudden |
| 131 | Allergic | Hypersensitive reaction |
| 132 | Alternate | Substitute or rotate |
| 133 | Brisk | Quick and energetic |
| 134 | Chronic | Long-lasting or persistent |
| 135 | Harmful | Causing damage or injury |
| 136 | Healthy | Good for well-being |
| 137 | Infectious | Transmittable, contagious |
| 138 | Moderate | Not extreme, balanced |
| 139 | Obese | Extremely overweight |
| 140 | Overweight | Excess body weight |
| 141 | Persistent | Continual, ongoing |
| 142 | Regular | Consistent, routine |
| 143 | Vital | Essential, crucial |
| . | Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 144 | Avoid | Stay away from |
| 145 | Counteract | Oppose or neutralize |
| 146 | Curb | Restrain or limit |
| 147 | Cure | Remedy or heal |
| 148 | Diminish | Decrease or reduce |
| 149 | Disrupt | Interrupt or disturb |
| 150 | Eliminate | Remove completely |
| 151 | Maintain | Keep in existence |
| 152 | Overdo | Exceed appropriate limits |
| 153 | Overeat | Consume excessively |
| 154 | Prevent | Stop from happening |
| 155 | Recommend | Suggest or advise |
| 156 | Recover | Get back to health |
| 157 | Reduce | Decrease in size or amount |
| 158 | Skip | Miss or omit |
| 159 | Stimulate | Encourage or activate |
| 160 | Trigger | Initiate or spark |
LIFESTYLES
| . | Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 161 | Activity | Engaged physical or mental endeavor |
| 162 | Aspect | Facet or viewpoint |
| 163 | Attitude | Mental outlook or disposition |
| 164 | (Achieve a) Balance | Equilibrium or harmony achieved |
| 165 | Competition | Contest or rivalry |
| 166 | Daily routine | Regular daily activities |
| 167 | Desire | Strong want or longing |
| 168 | Disappointment | Feeling let down or unsatisfied |
| 169 | Experience | Knowledge gained from events |
| 170 | Fulfillment | Satisfaction or completion |
| 171 | Goal | Objective or aim |
| 172 | Hobby | Leisure pursuit or pastime |
| 173 | Insight | Deep understanding or perception |
| 174 | Leisure | Free time or relaxation |
| 175 | Lifestyle | Way of living |
| 176 | Optimist | Positive thinker or hopeful person |
| 177 | Outlook | Perspective or viewpoint |
| 178 | Opportunity | Favorable chance or opening |
| 179 | Personality | Individual characteristics or traits |
| 180 | Pessimist | Negative thinker or gloomy person |
| 181 | Priority | Highest importance or precedence |
| 182 | Pressure | Force exerted or stress |
| 183 | Realist | Practical thinker or realistic person |
| 184 | Risk-taker | One who embraces uncertainty |
| 185 | Self-expression | Communication of personal identity |
| 186 | Sense | Perception or awareness |
| . | ADJECTIVES | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 187 | Active | Engaged in action or movement |
| 188 | Bored | Uninterested or weary |
| 189 | Confused | Disoriented or unclear |
| 190 | Dissatisfied | Unhappy or discontented |
| 191 | Intense | Strong or extreme |
| 192 | Materialistic | Concerned with possessions or wealth |
| 193 | Negative | Unfavorable or pessimistic |
| 194 | Outdoor | Outside or in nature |
| 195 | Positive | Optimistic or favorable |
| 196 | Recreational | Leisurely or for enjoyment |
| 197 | Successful | Achieving desired outcomes |
| . | verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 198 | Achieve | Accomplish or attain |
| 199 | Appeal | Attract or be appealing |
| 200 | Attract | Draw in or allure |
| 201 | Choose | Select or decide upon |
| 202 | Express | Convey or communicate |
| 203 | Enjoy | Take pleasure in |
| 204 | Fulfill | Satisfy or meet requirements |
| 205 | Improve | Enhance or make better |
| 206 | Motive | Reason or drive |
| 207 | Participate | Take part in or join |
| 208 | Regret | Feel sorry about or lament |
| 209 | Relax | Unwind or rest |
| 210 | Satisfy | Fulfill or meet expectations |
| . | Verb phrases | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 211 | Lead a happy life | Live joyfully or contentedly |
| 212 | Live life on the edge | Embrace risk or adventure |
| 213 | Live life to the full | Maximize experiences or opportunities |
| 214 | Make a choice | Decide between options |
| 215 | Make a decision | Choose a course of action |
| 216 | Make a living | Earn money or sustain oneself financially |
| 217 | Meet a need | Fulfill a requirement or necessity |
| 218 | Miss (an opportunity) | Fail to seize or take advantage of |
| 219 | Play a role | Assume a part or function |
| 220 | Put pressure on | Exert influence or stress upon |
| 221 | Set (a goal) | Establish an objective or target |
| 222 | Take part (in) | Participate or engage in |
| 223 | Work hard for a living | Labor diligently for income |
| . | Phrases with life or living | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 224 | All walks of life | People from all backgrounds or circumstances |
| 225 | Cost of living | Expenses required for sustenance |
| 226 | Lifelong ambition | Long-held aspiration or goal |
| 227 | Living expenses | Costs for maintaining life |
| 228 | Once in a life time opportunity | Rare or unique chance |
| 229 | Standard of living | Level of comfort or wealth |
| 230 | Way of life | Lifestyle or manner of living |
STUDENT LIFE
| nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Assignment | Task given |
| College | Higher education |
| Controversy | Dispute or debate |
| Curriculum | Course content |
| Dissertation | Extended written work |
| Education | Learning process |
| Exam | Assessment test |
| Field | Area of study |
| Finding | Discovery or result |
| Funding | Financial support |
| Grade | Mark or level |
| Graduation | Completion of study |
| Grant | Financial aid |
| High school | Secondary education |
| Homework | Assigned study |
| Junior school | Early education |
| Kindergarten | Pre-school level |
| Learning disorder | Cognitive impairment |
| Lecturer | Academic instructor |
| Library | Collection of resources |
| Limits | Boundaries or restrictions |
| Masters | Advanced degree |
| Nursery | Early childhood education |
| PhD | Doctoral degree |
| Primary school | Elementary education |
| Program | Course of study |
| Project | Assigned task |
| Research | Investigative study |
| Resources | Materials or funds |
| Results | Outcomes or findings |
| Scholarship | Financial award |
| Scope | Range or extent |
| Secondary school | High school |
| Sources | Origins or references |
| Syllabus | Curriculum outline |
| Task | Assigned job |
| Theory | Hypothetical explanation |
| Thesis | Academic argument |
| Tutor | Private instructor |
| Topic | Subject of discussion |
| University | Higher education institution |
| adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Academics | Scholarly pursuits |
| Eligible | Qualified or entitled |
| Mixed | Combined or varied |
| Postgraduate | Advanced study |
| Relevant | Pertinent or applicable |
| Senior | Higher grade or level |
| Single-sex | Only one gender |
| Studious | Diligent in study |
| Work-related | Pertaining to employment |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Adopt | Take on or embrace |
| Analyse | Examine closely |
| Conduct | Carry out or manage |
| Concentrate | Focus intensely |
| Consider | Ponder or think about |
| Find out | Discover or learn |
| Graduate | Complete studies |
| Learn | Acquire knowledge |
| Organise | Arrange systematically |
| Overcome | Conquer or defeat |
| Review | Examine or evaluate |
| Revise | Amend or modify |
| Struggle | Effortful endeavor |
| Take | Accept or acquire |
| ADVERB | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Relatively | In comparison |
EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | Precision or correctness |
| Communication | Exchange of information |
| Concept | Idea or notion |
| Conjecture | Guess or speculation |
| Dialect | Regional language variation |
| Fluency | Smoothness or proficiency |
| gesture | Physical expression |
| Hesitation | Pause or uncertainty |
| Language | System of communication |
| Language barrier | Obstacle to understanding |
| Linguist | Language expert |
| Linguistics | Study of languages |
| Means of communication | Method of conveying |
| Mother tongue | First language learned |
| Native speaker | Person with fluent proficiency |
| Pronunciation | Articulation of words |
| Sign language | Visual communication system |
| Vocabulary | Lexicon or word list |
| adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Incoherent | Not clear or disjointed |
| Inherent | Intrinsic or innate |
| Sophisticated | Complex or advanced |
| Spontaneous | Unplanned or natural |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Clarify | Make clear or explain |
| Communicate | Share information |
| Comprehend | Understand or grasp |
| Conclude | Reach a decision |
| Confirm | Verify or affirm |
| Converse | Engage in conversation |
| Define | Give meaning to |
| Demonstrate | Show or prove |
| Distinguish | Differentiate or discern |
| Emerge | Come forth or appear |
| Evolve | Develop or progress |
| Explain | Elaborate or clarify |
| Express | Convey or articulate |
| Gesture | Non-verbal communication |
| Illustrate | Clarify with examples |
| Imply | Suggest indirectly |
| Indicate | Point out or show |
| Pronounce | Articulate words |
| Recall | Remember or recollect |
| Refer | Mention or allude to |
| Signify | Represent or mean |
| State | Express or declare |
| Stutter | Speech impediment |
| Suggest | Propose or recommend |
| Translate | Convert from one language to another |
| Idioms | Meaning |
|---|---|
| There is something to be said | Worth considering or discussing |
| Needless to say | Obvious or self-evident |
| Have a say | Express an opinion |
| When all is said and done | After everything |
| Having said that | Despite what was said |
| To say the least | Understating the situation |
| You can say that again! | Completely agree |
| That is to say | In other words |
ON THE MOVE
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Accommodation | Lodging or housing |
| Attraction | Place of interest |
| Community | Group of people |
| Countryside | Rural area or land |
| Destination | End point of travel |
| Eco-tourism | Sustainable tourism |
| Effect | Influence or result |
| Facilitates | Makes easier or enables |
| Identification | Recognizing or proving identity |
| Inhabitant | Resident or dweller |
| Itinerary | Planned route or schedule |
| Journey | Travel from one place to another |
| Landscape | Physical environment or scenery |
| Luggage | Bags or belongings |
| Peak | Highest point or summit |
| Tourism | Travel for recreation |
| Transport | Conveyance or transportation |
| Travel | Movement between locations |
| Traveling | Engaged in travel |
| Trend | Popular pattern or direction |
| Trip | Journey or excursion |
| Village | Small settlement |
| Tourist | Visitor or traveler |
| Adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Adventurous | Bold or daring |
| Budge | Move or adjust |
| Breathtaking | Astonishing or stunning |
| Coastal | Along the coast |
| cosmopolitan | Culturally diverse |
| Diverse | Varied or different |
| Flexible | Adaptable or adjustable |
| Foreign | From another country |
| Local | Pertaining to the area |
| Luxurious | Lavish or indulgent |
| Mountainous | Having many mountains |
| Peaceful | Calm or serene |
| Picturesque | Charming or scenic |
| Polluted | Contaminated or dirty |
| Quaint | Charming or old-fashioned |
| Remote | Isolated or distant |
| Rough | Uneven or harsh |
| Rural | Countryside or rustic |
| Scenic | Beautiful or picturesque |
| Stunning | Strikingly beautiful |
| Tough | Difficult or resilient |
| Traditional | Conventional or customary |
| Unspoilt | Untouched or pristine |
| Urban | City or metropolitan |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Affect | Impact or influence |
| Fluctuate | Change or vary |
THROUGH THE AGES
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Age | Period of existence |
| Archaeologist | Scientist studying artifacts |
| Century | Period of one hundred years |
| Decade | Period of ten years |
| Era | Historical period |
| Evidence | Proof or indication |
| Excavation | Digging or archaeological site |
| Generation | Group born at same time |
| The middle ages | Historical period |
| Millennia | Thousands of years |
| Period | Interval or era |
| Phase | Stage or segment |
| Pioneer | Trailblazer or innovator |
| Timeline | Chronological sequence |
| adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Ancient | Very old or antique |
| Chronological | In order of time |
| Consecutive | Following in sequence |
| Historical | Relating to history |
| Imminent | About to occur |
| Middle-aged | Midway through life |
| Nostalgic | Longing for the past |
| Prehistoric | Before recorded history |
| Prior | Before or preceding |
| Punctual | On time or prompt |
| Time-consuming | Requiring much time |
| verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Erode | Wear away or deteriorate |
| Infer | Deduce or conclude |
| Predate | Exist earlier than |
| Span | Duration or extent |
| Phrases with time | |
|---|---|
| In time | Eventually or on schedule |
| Lose track of time | Forget time passing |
| On time | Prompt or punctual |
| Save time | Preserve time |
| Spend time | Utilize time |
| Take so long | Require much time |
| The right time | Appropriate moment |
| ADVERBS | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Chronologically | In time order |
| Formerly | Previously or in the past |
| Previously | Before now or earlier |
| Subsequently | Later or afterward |
THE NATURAL WORLD
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Agriculture | Farming or cultivation |
| Animal kingdom | All animals collectively |
| Burrow | Hole or tunnel |
| Climate | Weather conditions |
| Crop | Cultivated plant |
| Decline | Decrease or fall |
| Den | Animal’s lair or shelter |
| Disaster | Catastrophic event |
| Ecological balance | Natural equilibrium |
| Ecology | Study of ecosystems |
| Evolution | Development over time |
| Extinction | Development over time |
| Habitat | Natural environment |
| Human nature | Innate characteristics |
| Insect | Small arthropod |
| Mother nature | Natural world |
| Pesticides | Chemicals to control pests |
| Predator | Hunter or carnivore. |
| Prey | Hunted or targeted animal |
| Repercussions | Consequences or effects |
| Scent | Smell or aroma |
| Species | Group of organisms |
| Soil | Earth’s upper layer |
| Vegetation | Plant life |
| Vermin | Pest or nuisance |
| Weed | Unwanted plant |
| Fauna | Animal life |
| Flora | Plant life |
| Genetics | Study of genes |
| Adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Arid | Dry or parched |
| Catastrophic | Disastrous or tragic |
| Disastrous | Calamitous or devastating |
| Domesticated | Tamed or cultivated |
| Endangered | At risk of extinction |
| Extinct | No longer existing |
| Genetically-modified | Altered through genetics |
| Introduced | Brought into a new environment |
| Native | Indigenous or original |
| Natural | Existing in nature |
| Resistant | Immune or unyielding |
| Semi-arid | Partly dry |
| Tropical | Warm and humid |
| Vulnerable | Susceptible or exposed |
| Wild | Untamed or uncultivated |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Adapt | Adjust or modify |
| Combat | Fight or confront |
| Cultivate | Grow or nurture |
| Eradicate | Eliminate or exterminate |
| Evolve | Develop or change |
| Hibernate | Sleep through winter |
| Tolerate | Endure or accept |
REACHING FOR THE SKIES
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Asteroid | Celestial body |
| Astronaut | Space traveler |
| Atmosphere | Gaseous envelope around Earth |
| Cosmos | Universe or space |
| Crater | Bowl-shaped depression |
| Debris | Scattered remains |
| Earth | Planet we inhabit |
| Exploration | Discovering or investigating |
| Explorer | Adventurer or discoverer |
| Galaxy | Collection of stars |
| Gas | State of matter |
| Gravity | Force of attraction |
| Horizon | Distant line |
| Launch | Send off or propel |
| Meteor | Falling space rock |
| Moon | Earth’s natural satellite |
| Ocean | Large body of water |
| Orbit | Circular path |
| Outer space | Beyond Earth’s atmosphere |
| Planet | Celestial body |
| Radiation | Energy emission |
| Rocket | Spacecraft launcher |
| Satellite | Orbiting object |
| Simulator | Training device |
| Solar system | Sun and its planets |
| Space | Universe beyond Earth |
| Spacecraft | Vehicle for space travel |
| Space shuttle | Reusable spacecraft |
| Space station | Habitable structure |
| Surface | Outer layer |
| Universe | All existing matter |
| Weightlessness | Absence of gravity |
| Adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Commercial | Relating to commerce |
| Cosmic | Relating to cosmos |
| Extreme | Intense or severe |
| Gravitational | Related to gravity |
| Horizontal | Parallel to ground |
| Inevitable | Unavoidable or certain |
| Lunar | Related to the moon |
| Meteoric | Rapid or spectacular |
| Outer | External or exterior |
| Solar | Relating to the sun |
| Terrestrial | Alien, Earth-related |
| Toxic | Poisonous or harmful |
| Uninhabitable | Not fit for living |
| Universal | Relating to entire universe |
| Unmanned | Without a crew or operator |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Acclimatise | Adapt to climate |
| Colonise | Establish colonies |
| Explore | Investigate or discover |
| Float | Remain on surface |
| Orbit | Revolve around |
| Propel | Drive or thrust |
| rotate | Spin or turn |
| Sustain | Maintain or support |
| Simulate | Imitate or replicate |
| Undergo | Experience or endure |
DESIGN AND INNOVATION
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Balcony | Platform on building |
| Brick | Rectangular building material |
| Building | Constructed structure |
| Ceiling | Upper limit of room |
| Concrete | Building material |
| Construction | Building process |
| Cottage | Small rural dwelling |
| Design | Plan or blueprint |
| Device | Tool or mechanism |
| Elevator | Lift for vertical transport |
| Engineering | Application of science |
| Frame | Skeleton or structure |
| Gadget | Small device or tool. |
| Housing | Shelter or accommodation |
| Innovation | New invention or idea |
| Invention | Newly created device |
| Landmark | Notable feature or event |
| Lift shaft | Vertical passage for elevator |
| Occupant | Person residing in place |
| Platform | Raised surface or stage |
| Quarry | Mine or excavation site |
| Residence | Place of living |
| Skyscraper | Tall building |
| Staircase | Series of steps |
| Steel | Alloy of iron |
| Storage | Space for keeping items |
| Structure | Design, Framework or organization |
| Tension | Strain or stress |
| Timber | Wood used in construction |
| Adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Airy | Light and spacious |
| Conventional | Traditional or standard |
| Cosy | Comfortable and warm |
| Cramped | Confined or crowded |
| Curved | Bent or rounded |
| Disposable | Single-use or throwaway |
| Domestic | Relating to home |
| Exterior | Outer surface or outside |
| Functional | Practical and useful |
| Futuristic | Forward-thinking or innovative |
| High-rise | Tall building or tower |
| Innovative | Creative or inventive |
| Internal | Inside or inner |
| Mass-produced | Manufactured in bulk |
| Modern | Contemporary or up-to-date |
| Multi-storey | Having multiple floors |
| Old-fashioned | Outdated or traditional |
| Ornate | Elaborately decorated |
| Prefabricated | Pre-made or modular |
| Single-storey | One level |
| Spacious | Large and roomy |
| State-of-the-art | Advanced or cutting-edge |
| Traditional | Conventional or customary |
| Two-storey | Two levels |
| Typical | Characteristic or usual |
| Ultra-modern | Extremely modern or advanced |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Activate | Turn on or start |
| Automate | Make automatic or mechanize |
| Build | Construct or erect |
| Condemn | Sentence or judge |
| Construct | Build or create |
| Decorate | Adorn or embellish |
| Demolish | Destroy or knock down |
| Design | Plan or create |
| Develop | Grow or evolve |
| Devise | Invent or create |
| Haul | Transport or carry |
| Hoist | Lift or raise |
| Invent | Create or devise |
| Maintain | Keep or preserve |
| Occupy | Inhabit or reside in |
| Reconstruct | Rebuild or renovate |
| Renovate | Refurbish or improve |
| Support | Hold up or sustain |
| Trigger | Initiate or activate |
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic pilot | Self-operating system |
| Computerization | Process of computerizing |
| Connection | Link or association |
| Data | Information or facts |
| Device | Tool or instrument |
| Function | Purpose or role |
| Gadget | Small device or tool |
| The internet | Global computer network |
| Keyboard | Input device |
| Laptop | Portable computer |
| The latest | Most recent |
| Memory | Storage capacity |
| Monitor | Display screen |
| Patent | Legal protection for invention |
| Program | Set of instructions |
| Prototype | Original model |
| Remote control | Device for wireless control |
| Silicon chip | Semiconductor |
| Technology | Application of science |
| Vision | Ability to see |
| Wireless connection | Wireless network |
| Telecommunications | Communication over a distance |
| Keypad | Input device with keys |
| ADJECTIVES | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Compact | Small and efficient |
| Computerised | Controlled by computer |
| Cutting-edge | Innovative or advanced |
| Cyber | Relating to digital technology |
| Dated | Outdated or old-fashioned |
| Digital | Relating to digits or data |
| Labour-saving | Reducing manual effort |
| Portable | Easily carried |
| State-of-the-art | Advanced or cutting-edge |
| Up-to-date | Current or modern |
| User-friendly | Easy to use |
| Virtual | Simulated or computer-generated |
| Wireless connection | Wireless network |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Access | Entry or admission |
| Connect | Link or join |
| Download | Transfer data from internet |
| Display | Show or exhibit |
| Envisage | Imagine or foresee |
| Operate | Control or run |
| Revolution | Radical change or innovation |
| Scroll | Move through text or images |
| Speculate | Conjecture or guess |
| Store | Keep or retain |
| Surpass | Exceed or outdo |
| adverb | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatically | Without human intervention |
THE MODERN WORLD
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Attitude | Outlook or mindset |
| Brand | Product or company |
| Culture | Beliefs and customs |
| Cycle | Periodic sequence |
| Demographics | Population characteristics |
| Development | Growth or progress |
| Diversity | Variety or range |
| Globalisation | Worldwide integration |
| Hindsight | Understanding after event |
| Icon | Symbol or representative |
| Identity | Individuality or uniqueness |
| Implication | Suggestion or consequence |
| Impact | Effect or influence |
| Increase | Growth or rise |
| Influence | Impact or sway |
| Industry | Sector or field |
| Isolation | Solitude or separation |
| Joint venture | Collaboration or partnership |
| (Have a) Monopoly | Exclusive control |
| Market | Commercial arena |
| Modernisation | Process of modernizing |
| Multiculturalism | Coexistence of cultures |
| Percentage | Proportion or rate |
| Population | Total inhabitants |
| Prediction | Forecast or estimate |
| Projection | Forecast or prediction |
| Proportion | Ratio or percentage |
| Rate | Speed or frequency |
| Statistics | Data analysis |
| Trend | Pattern or tendency |
| ADJECTIVES | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Ageing | Getting older |
| Current | Present or existing |
| Demographic | Relating to population |
| Elderly | Senior or aged |
| Ethnic | Relating to ethnicity |
| Exotic | Foreign or unusual |
| Global | Worldwide or international |
| Local | Relating to locality |
| Long-term | Extended period |
| Mid-term | Intermediate period |
| Multicultural | Diverse cultural backgrounds |
| Productive | Efficient or fruitful |
| Sceptical | Doubtful or questioning |
| Short-term | Brief period |
| Subsequent | Following or next |
| Wealthy | Rich or affluent |
| Worldwide | Global or international |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Compound | Combine or mix |
| Contribute | Contribute or give |
| Decline | Decrease or fall |
| Diminish | Decrease or lessen |
| Dominate | Control or monopolize |
| Dwindle | Decrease or shrink |
| Factor | Element or cause |
| Indicate | Show or suggest |
| Merge | Combine or unite |
| Migrate | Move or relocate |
URBANISATION
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Benefit | Advantage or gain |
| Challenge | Difficulty or obstacle |
| Compromise | Agreement or settlement |
| Difficulty | Problem or obstacle |
| Dilemma | Difficult choice |
| Inhabitant | Resident or occupant |
| Infrastructure | Basic facilities |
| Isolation | Solitude or separation |
| Issue | Problem or concern |
| Megacity | Large urban area |
| Migrant | Relocating person |
| Obstacle | Barrier or hindrance |
| Overpopulation | Excessive population |
| Population | Total inhabitants |
| Poverty | State of being poor |
| Resolution | Solution or determination |
| Setback | Reverse or obstacle |
| Slum | Poor and overcrowded area |
| Solution | Answer or remedy |
| Tolerance | Acceptance or openness |
| Traffic | Movement of vehicles |
| Urbanisation | Growth of cities |
| ADJECTIVES | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Adequate | Sufficient or suitable |
| Basic | Fundamental or essential |
| Booming | Thriving or prospering |
| Catastrophic | Disastrous or tragic |
| Crowded | Full or congested |
| Decent | Acceptable or satisfactory |
| Developing | Evolving or growing |
| Double-edged | Having both positive and negative aspects |
| Isolated | Alone or remote |
| One-sided | Biased or partial |
| Long-sighted | Farsighted or visionary |
| Long-term | Extended period |
| Overpriced | Expensive or costly |
| Overworked | Worked excessively |
| Pressing | Urgent or critical |
| Rural | Countryside or rustic |
| Short-sighted | Myopic or nearsighted |
| Short-term | Brief period |
| Staggering | Astonishing or shocking |
| Tolerant | Accepting or open-minded |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Address | Deal with or tackle |
| Adjust | Adapt or modify |
| Aggravate | Worsen or exacerbate |
| Cause | Bring about or create |
| Compete | Vie or contend |
| Compound | Combine or mix |
| Deal with | Handle or manage |
| Deteriorate | Decline or worsen |
| Enhance | Improve or enrich |
| Exacerbate | Worsen or aggravate |
| Exclude | Omit or leave out |
| Face | Confront or confront |
| Flourish | Thrive or prosper |
| Identity | Recognize or distinguish |
| Improve | Enhance or better |
| Include | Incorporate or comprise |
| Linger | Remain or persist |
| Modify | Alter or change |
| Overcome | Conquer or defeat |
| Present | Offer or show |
| Raise | Elevate or lift |
| Reform | Improve or amend |
| Regulate | Control or manage |
| Remedy | Fix or cure |
| Resolve | Solve or settle |
| Tackle | Address or confront |
| Tolerate | Accept or endure |
| Transform | Change or convert |
| Worsen | Deteriorate or decline |
| Verb Phrases | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Find a solution | Solve a problem |
| Overcome a difficulty | Conquer an obstacle |
| Reach/find a compromise | Achieve agreement |
| Remedy a situation | Fix a problem |
| Resolve a issue | Settle a problem |
THE GREEN REVOLUTION
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Acid rain | Polluted rain |
| Biodiversity | Variety of life forms |
| Climate change | Environmental shift |
| Contamination | Pollution or impurity |
| Deforestation | Clearing of forests |
| Disposal | Removal or elimination |
| Drought | Period of dryness |
| Ecosystem | Natural environment |
| Emission | Release of pollutants |
| The environment | Natural surroundings |
| Erosion | Wear away of land |
| Exhaust | Release waste gases |
| Fertilizer | Plant nutrient |
| Flood | Overflow of water |
| Food | Edible substance |
| Food chain | Sequence of consumption |
| Fumes | Gas or vapor |
| Greenhouse gases | Atmospheric pollutants |
| Impact | Effect or influence |
| Pollutant | Contaminant or impurity |
| Pollution | Environmental contamination |
| Process | Procedure or method |
| Refuse | Waste or garbage |
| Strain | Pressure or stress |
| Threat | Menace or danger |
| Waste | Unwanted material |
| Adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Achievable | Possible or attainable |
| Advantageous | Beneficial or favorable |
| At risk | In danger |
| Beneficial | Advantageous or helpful |
| Chronic | Long-lasting or persistent |
| Conceivable | Imaginable or possible |
| Contaminated | Polluted or impure |
| Devastating | Destructive or ruinous |
| Doubtful | Uncertain or dubious |
| Environment | Surroundings or habitat |
| Environmentally | Relating to environment |
| Feasible | Possible or practical |
| Fruitless | Unsuccessful or futile |
| Futile | In vain or pointless |
| Immune | Resistant or protected |
| Impracticable | Unworkable or unrealistic |
| Improbable | Unlikely or doubtful |
| In danger | At risk or threatened |
| Insoluble | Unsolvable or unanswerable |
| Irreparable | Unfixable or irreversible |
| Irreplaceable | Invaluable or unique |
| Irreversible | Permanent or unchangeable |
| Liable | Responsible or accountable |
| Life-threatening | Potentially deadly |
| Pervasive | Widespread or prevalent |
| Pointless | Purposeless or futile |
| Pristine | Untouched or pure |
| Questionable | Doubtful or uncertain |
| Recyclable | Able to be recycled |
| Sustainable | Environmentally friendly |
| Taxing | Demanding or arduous |
| Unattainable | Impossible to achieve |
| Unlikely | Improbable or doubtful |
| Unprecedented | Unprecedented or novel |
| Useless | Ineffective or futile |
| Viable | Feasible or workable |
| Vital | Essential or crucial |
| Worthless | Valueless or useless |
| verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Confront | Face or tackle |
| Contaminate | Pollute or taint |
| Dispose of | Get rid of |
| Dump | Discard or dispose of |
| Threaten | Endanger or intimidate |
| Adverbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Inexorable | Relentless or unstoppable |
| Inevitably | Unavoidably or unavoidably |
THE ENERGY CRISES
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Atmosphere | Gaseous envelope around Earth |
| Balance | Equilibrium or stability |
| Biofuel | Fuel from organic matter |
| Carbon | Element found in nature |
| Carbon dioxide | CO2, greenhouse gas |
| Crises | Critical situations or emergencies |
| Electricity | Form of energy |
| Emissions | Release of gases |
| Exhaust | Fumes from combustion |
| Fossil fuel | Fuel from ancient remains |
| Fuel | Substance for energy |
| Fumes | Gaseous emissions |
| Gas | State of matter |
| Greenhouse gases | Atmospheric pollutants |
| Hybrid | Combination or mix |
| Hydrogen | Element with symbol H |
| Petrol | Gasoline or fuel |
| Resources | Available materials or assets |
| Turbine | Rotating machine |
| Vehicle | Means of transportation |
| Adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Alternative | Substitute or option |
| Critical | Crucial or essential |
| Disposable | Single-use or throwaway |
| Drastic | Extreme or severe |
| Eco-friendly | Environmentally friendly |
| Efficient | Effective or productive |
| Effective | Successful or efficient |
| Environmentally friendly | Eco-friendly or green |
| Nuclear | Relating to atomic energy |
| Rechargeable | Capable of being recharged |
| Renewable | Sustainable or reusable |
| Solar | Relating to the sun |
| Unleaded | Free of lead |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Absorb | Soak up or take in |
| Conserve | Preserve or save |
| Consume | Use or deplete |
| Convert | Change or transform |
| Counter | Oppose or counteract |
| Deplete | Exhaust or use up |
| Diminish | Decrease or reduce |
| Discharge | Release or emit |
| Dwindle | Decrease or shrink |
| Emit | Release or discharge |
| Expand | Increase or grow |
| Limit | Restrict or confine |
| Maintain | Preserve or uphold |
| Outweigh | Surpass or exceed |
| Preserve | Protect or conserve |
| Retain | Keep or hold |
| Waste | Squander or misuse |
TALKING BUSINESS
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Advertisement | Promotion or ad |
| Advertising | Promotional activities |
| Boss | Supervisor or manager |
| Campaign | Organized effort |
| Candidate | Contender or applicant |
| Career | Occupation or profession |
| Clerk | Office worker or assistant |
| Client | Customer or patron |
| Colleague | Coworker or associate |
| Company | Business or corporation |
| Consumer | Buyer or customer |
| Credibility | Trustworthiness or believability |
| Customer | Client or buyer |
| Earning | Income or salary |
| Employee | Worker or staff |
| Employer | Boss or manager |
| Employment | Job or work |
| Experience | Knowledge or skill |
| Goods | Merchandise or products |
| Income | Earnings or revenue |
| Industry | Sector or field |
| Interview | Meeting or discussion |
| Job | Work or employment |
| Job satisfaction | Contentment with work |
| Labourer | Worker or manual laborer |
| Management | Administration or leadership |
| Manual | Physical or hands-on |
| Market | Commercial arena |
| Marketing | Promotional activities |
| Meeting | Gathering or assembly |
| Money | Currency or wealth |
| Niche | Specialized market |
| Occupation | Job or profession |
| Office | Workplace or headquarters |
| Overtime | Extra hours |
| Packaging | Container or wrapping |
| Pay | Salary or wages |
| Perk | Benefit or bonus |
| Product | Item or commodity |
| Profession | Occupation or career |
| Prospects | Outlook or potential |
| Qualifications | Credentials or skills |
| Retirement | End of working life |
| Salary | Income or wages |
| Shares | Stock or equity |
| Shift work | Rotating schedule |
| Skills | Abilities or talents |
| Staff | Employees or personnel |
| Supervision | Oversight or management |
| Takeover | Acquisition or buyout |
| Target | Goal or objective |
| Trade | Commerce or exchange |
| Trend | Pattern or tendency |
| Unemployment | Lack of employment |
| Wages | Earnings or salary |
| Workforce | Labor force or employees |
| Workplace | Work environment or office |
| Adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Casual | Informal or relaxed |
| Demanding | Challenging or taxing |
| Economic | Relating to economy |
| Economical | Cost-effective or thrifty |
| Exhausting | Tiring or draining |
| Hospitality | Welcoming or friendly |
| Monotonous | Repetitive or dull |
| Part-time | Not full-time |
| Retail | Sales or selling |
| Redundant | Unnecessary or surplus |
| Rewarding | Fulfilling or satisfying |
| Unemployed | Jobless or out of work |
| Unskilled | Lacking specialized skills |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Apply | Submit or request |
| Compete | Vie or contend |
| Earn | Make money or receive |
| Endorse | Approve or support |
| Invest | Put money into |
| Persuade | Convince or sway |
| To be promoted | Advance in position |
| Request | Ask for or solicit |
| Retire | Stop working or withdraw |
THE LAW
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Actions | Deeds or activities |
| Arson | Deliberate fire-setting |
| Authority | Power or control |
| Burglary | Break-in or theft |
| Consequences | Results or outcomes |
| Convict | Criminal or felon |
| Crime | Illegal act or offense |
| Crime rate | Incidence of crime |
| Criminal | Lawbreaker or offender |
| Deterrent | Preventive measure |
| Evidence | Proof or indication |
| Fine | Penalty or fee |
| Fraud | Deception or swindle |
| Imprisonment | Incarceration or jail |
| Inequality | Disparity or imbalance |
| Intent | Purpose or intention |
| Intrusion | Trespass or invasion |
| Judge | Judicial official or arbiter |
| Jury | Panel of judges |
| Kidnapping | Abduction or snatch |
| Lawyer | Attorney or counsel |
| Motive | Reason or cause |
| Murder | Homicide or killing |
| Offence | Violation or transgression |
| Pickpocketing | Theft from pockets |
| Prevention | Avoidance or stopping |
| Prison | Jail or penitentiary |
| Prisoner | Inmate or convict |
| Property | Possession or belongings |
| Prosecutor | Legal representative |
| Protection | Security or defense |
| Punishment | Penalty or consequence |
| Recklessness | Carelessness or heedlessness |
| Smuggling | Illegal trade or trafficking |
| Social | Relating to society |
| Swearing | Cursing or profanity |
| The accused | Defendant or suspect |
| Toxic waste | Hazardous refuse |
| Vandalism | Destruction of property |
| Victim | Target or prey |
| Violation | Breach or infringement |
| Adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Criminal | Lawbreaking or unlawful |
| Drug-related | Related to narcotics |
| Evil | Wicked or malevolent |
| Guilty | Responsible or culpable |
| Harsh | Severe or stern |
| Innocent | Not guilty or blameless |
| Intentional | Deliberate or planned |
| Low-abiding | Compliant with laws |
| Non-violent | Peaceful or pacifist |
| Offensive | Insulting or objectionable |
| On trial | Under legal examination |
| Petty | Minor or trivial |
| Punishable | Deserving of punishment |
| Random | Arbitrary or chance |
| Strict | Rigorous or severe |
| Unintentional | Accidental or inadvertent |
| Victimless | Without victim or harm |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Abide | Follow or obey |
| Abolish | Eliminate or annul |
| Combat | Fight or oppose |
| Deter | Discourage or prevent |
| Enforce | Implement or uphold |
| Imprison | Incarcerate or confine |
| Monitor | Observe or oversee |
| Obey | Follow or adhere to |
| Offend | Violate or transgress |
| Perpetrate | Commit or carry out |
| Prevent | Stop or avert |
| Protect | Defend or safeguard |
| Prove | Demonstrate or verify |
| Punish | Penalize or discipline |
| Resent | Dislike or begrudge |
| Respect | Honor or esteem |
| Violate | Infringe or breach |
| Verb Phrases | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Accept the consequences | Acknowledge results |
| Commit a crime | Engage in wrongdoing |
| Convict a crime | Determine guilt legally |
| Impose a fine | Levy a penalty |
| Pass a law | Legislate or enact |
| Solve a crime | Resolve a criminal case |
| Nouns | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Access | Entry or admission |
| Attitude | Mindset or perspective |
| Author | Writer or creator |
| Bias | Prejudice or preference |
| Censorship | Suppression or restriction |
| Challenge | Test or trial |
| Credibility | Trustworthiness or believability |
| Current affairs | News or events |
| Editor | Publisher or reviser |
| Expose | Reveal or uncover |
| Exposure | Presentation or revelation |
| Fame | Celebrity or renown |
| Free press | Unrestricted media |
| Ideology | Belief system or doctrine |
| Influence | Impact or sway |
| The internet | Global network |
| Investigation | Inquiry or examination |
| Issue | Problem or topic |
| Journal | Periodical or magazine |
| Journalism | News reporting |
| Mass media | Communication outlets |
| Media | Communication channels |
| Network | System or group |
| The news | Current events |
| Newspaper | Periodical publication |
| Newsstand | Vending location |
| Opinion | Belief or viewpoint |
| Paparazzi | Celebrity photographers |
| Press | News media |
| Privacy | Confidentiality or seclusion |
| Publication | Printed work |
| Publicity | Exposure or promotion |
| Publisher | Print house or editor |
| Relevance | Pertinence or importance |
| Safeguard | Protect or defend |
| Source | Origin or cause |
| Speculation | Guesswork or conjecture |
| Tabloid | Sensational newspaper |
| The web | Internet or cyberspace |
| Adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Alternative | Substitute or option |
| Artificial | Synthetic or man-made |
| Attention | Focus or notice |
| Biased | Partial or prejudiced |
| Celebrity | Famous person or star |
| Controversial | Debated or disputed |
| Distorted | Twisted or misrepresented |
| Entertaining | Amusing or enjoyable |
| Factual | Based on fact |
| Informative | Educational or enlightening |
| Intrusive | Invasive or interfering |
| Investigative | Inquiring or probing |
| Mainstream | Conventional or popular |
| Pervasive | Ubiquitous or widespread |
| Realistic | True to life |
| Sensationalist | Dramatic or exaggerated |
| Superficial | Shallow or surface-level |
| Unbiased | Neutral or impartial |
| Well-informed | Knowledgeable or educated |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Affect | Influence or impact |
| Broadcast | Air or transmit |
| Censor | Suppress or restrict |
| Control | Command or manage |
| Exploit | Utilize or capitalize on |
| Expose | Uncover or reveal |
| Inform | Educate or enlighten |
| Intrude | Invade or encroach |
| Invade | Intrude or trespass |
| Investigation | Inquiry or examination |
| Publicize | Promote or advertise |
| Publish | Release or print |
| Report | Inform or recount |
| Review | Assess or critique |
| Verify | Confirm or authenticate |
THE ART
| NOUNS | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Actor | Performer in drama or film |
| Actress | Female performer |
| Aesthetics | Beauty or art appreciation |
| Appreciation | Recognition or gratitude |
| Artefact | Artifact or man made object. |
| Artist | Creative individual |
| Atmosphere | Ambiance or vibe |
| Audience | Spectators or viewers |
| Ballerina | Ballet dancer |
| Ballet | Classical dance form |
| Carving | Sculpting or engraving |
| Conception | Idea or concept |
| Concert | Musical performance |
| Crafts | Handmade items |
| Creation | Artistic production |
| Culture | Society’s customs |
| Emotion | Feeling or sentiment |
| Exhibition | Display or show |
| Expression | Communication of emotion |
| Festival | Celebration or event |
| Gallery | Art exhibition space |
| Image | Visual representation |
| Imagination | Creativity or fantasy |
| Influence | Impact or sway |
| Inspiration | Creative motivation |
| Intimacy | Closeness or familiarity |
| Literature | Written works |
| Mood | Atmosphere or feeling |
| Musician | Instrumental performer |
| Opera | Classical vocal performance |
| Orchestra | Musical ensemble |
| Painting | Visual artwork |
| Performance | Artistic presentation |
| The performing art | Live entertainment |
| Play | Theatrical production |
| Portrait | Artistic depiction of person |
| Proportion | Ratio or scale |
| Reflection | Contemplation or thought |
| Response | Reaction or feedback |
| Sculptor | Artist who sculpts |
| Sculpture | Three-dimensional art |
| Stimulus | Catalyst or trigger |
| Style | Artistic manner or form |
| Taste | Preference or flavor |
| Theatre | Venue for performances |
| Theme | Central idea or motif |
| Venue | Location or site |
| Works | Artistic creations |
| Writer | Author or scribe |
| Adjectives | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Abstract | Conceptual or non-representational |
| Accomplished | Skilled or proficient |
| Aesthetic | Artistic or pleasing |
| Burgeoning | Growing or developing |
| Classical | Traditional or timeless |
| Creative | Imaginative or inventive |
| Cultural | Relating to culture |
| Distracting | Diverting or disturbing |
| Electric | Energetic or vibrant |
| Eclectic | Diverse or varied |
| Emotional | Feeling or expressive |
| Fundamental | Basic or essential |
| Imaginative | Creative or fanciful |
| Influential | Persuasive or impactful |
| Interactive | Involving or participatory |
| Literary | Pertaining to literature |
| Live | In-person or real-time |
| Magical | Enchanting or mystical |
| Monotonous | Tedious or repetitive |
| Mundane | Ordinary or routine |
| Passionate | Intense or fervent |
| Popular | Well-liked or trendy |
| Prominent | Notable or conspicuous |
| Relaxing | Calming or soothing |
| Stimulating | Inspiring or invigorating |
| Visual | Pertaining to sight |
| Vivid | Bright or colorful |
| Verbs | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Choreograph | Plan or arrange movements |
| Create | Produce or generate |
| Depict | Represent or portray |
| Enrich | Enhance or improve |
| Escape | Evade or avoid |
| Imagine | Conceive or envision |
| Influence | Impact or sway |
| Inspire | Motivate or influence |
| Participate | Take part or engage |
| Perform | Execute or enact |
| Provoke | Incite or stimulate |
| Transcend | Surpass or exceed |
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